krucam
Ultimate Member
They used the word "Fundamental" in Heller but only to describe the origins of the right. Breyer specifically picked on the lack of declared scrutiny in that case. The answer from Scalia in Heller to that specific charge was, "we got time".
Also, Gura didn't ask the question in Heller. While it may seem plodding to us, he has a plan and is sticking to it. He's building up over time.
But to answer your question, yes - fundamental rights are typically deserving of strict scrutiny. The court has said as much. But many argue that though fundamental, the issues in 2A revolve around weapons and as such a lower standard is required. The decision in what is called "Heller II" came to that conclusion, specifically claiming that 2A/Heller required no more than intermediate scrutiny and that DC's current laws meet that threshold. This was not a surprise as it did come from a strongly liberal judge who is openly anti-2A. He cherry picked arguments from Steven's dissent in Heller.
There is a chance the Court is worried about more than the BoR's here. The fact is a newly recognized right is a bit of a Pandora's Box. Previous courts have also taken their time and let things flow out over several cases (1A is an example of this) so as to adjust mid-stream if required.
I am also impatient and would love to see strict scrutiny guidance flow from this case, but the question asked is really less about guns and more about the 14th. The next couple of cases (Nordyke/Sykes/Palmer) put the scrutiny question more directly in the lap of the court, because they rely on a strict interpretation of the right.
There is a line of opinion that by dispensing with the issue of Privileges or Immunities and the jurisprudence that comes from it, the court will spend more of their focus on the actual details of the gun laws in question. But the fact is, such a question was not asked.
Nordyke and Sykes are both being argued in California. Nordyke is already in the 9th Circuit and they are waiting on McDonald for an incorporation decision. The Nordyke complaint does hinge somewhat on a stricter scrutiny - an interpretation that will fall to the 9th if not defined here. That will influence Sykes likewise. Palmer is a different circuit, and as a result the case could be decided differently. The 9th is one of those circuits that many kinda ignore when it comes to precedent, as they are the most frequently overturned circuit by a large margin.
If we see "Substantive Due Process" come out of McDonald, we should all be happy and buying beers. Anything less leaves open a lot of doors (and doubt). We'll see.
From the Heller Decision:
SCALIA Dissing BREYER:
JUSTICE BREYER moves on to make a broad jurisprudential point: He criticizes us for declining to establish a level of scrutiny for evaluating Second Amendment restrictions.
He proposes, explicitly at least, none of the traditionally expressed levels (strict scrutiny, intermediate scrutiny, rational basis), but rather a judge-empowering “interestbalancing inquiry” that “asks whether the statute burdens a protected interest in a way or to an extent that is out of proportion to the statute’s salutary effects upon other important governmental interests.” Post, at 10. After an exhaustive discussion of the arguments for and against gun control, JUSTICE BREYER arrives at his interest balanced answer: because handgun violence is a problem, because the law is limited to an urban area, and because there were somewhat similar restrictions in the founding period (a false proposition that we have already discussed), the interest-balancing inquiry results in the constitutionality of the handgun ban. QED.
QED indeed. We'll get more than that..He's just getting warmed up...
We know of no other enumerated constitutional right whose core protection has been subjected to a freestanding “interest-balancing” approach. The very enumeration of the right takes out of the hands of government—even the Third Branch of Government—the power to decide on a case-by-case basis whether the right is really worth insisting upon.
A constitutional guarantee subject to future judges’ assessments of its usefulness is no constitutional guarantee at all. Constitutional rights are enshrined with the scope they were understood to have when the people adopted them, whether or not future legislatures or (yes) even future judges think that scope too broad.
The Heller Court acknowledged that its opinion left “many applications of the right to keep and bear arms in doubt,” but stated that it intends to clarify the scope of the right in subsequent cases.
Come Monday, it'll be alright...I spent 4 lonely days in a brown LA haze
$ to Jimmy Buffet