Looking for information on a Sears 16ga. 105-20 Ranger. How to remove/replace bolt and possible answer to why it fires when bolt is put into battery and rotated to lock.
It is a store branded H&R model 120 , do a search under that and schematics are available.
But off the top of my head, the two top causes ( simplest anyway) would be crud and gunk causing firing pin to stick , and broken off tip of firing pin jamed into firing pin.
The answer to your bolt problem is the screw that captures the fire control mechanism to the underside of the action. There is a perforated washer there that will allow the assembly to become loose over time allowing the sear to override the cocking piece. Vibration and oils solvents have allowed the plastic to contract some with age. When the gun is made safe and with the bolt closed, the slightest touch to the bolt knob will allow an uncontrolled discharge. Or the plastic housing is cracked from being over tightened which I doubt. See if you can get a turn or so on the screw to correct the problem and then you can remove tension to verify your corrections. Seen it before on marlin 55's western fields monkey wards and sears roebuck mossbergs etc. Its a very dangerous condition.