Looking at Lee Pacesetter 3-Die Sets for 223 Remington. One is described as "Ackley Improved 40-Degree Shoulder". What's the difference between this and a standard set? Dumb it down for me, I'm just getting started.
Two different cases. You cannot use/substitute dies. The AI has the shoulder bumped up and case blown out for more powder capacity. Don't buy AI dies unless you have an AI chamberd rifle.
A.I. Stands for Ackley Improved. The chamber is cut for a sharper chamber allowing for more powder and more velocity.
Today people tend to discount P.O. Ackley;s Improved shoulder designs. But back when he was doing tests, the powders were of different formulation and his mod actually worked. It gave you some additional velocity and M.E. without the cost of rebarreling. Additionally, you could still shoot store bought ammo in the same rifle.
I made several of my rifles into AI's and never regretted it. My '94 Winchester was one of my favorite guns. I sorely regret selling it.
Today, with short magnums and Leverevolution ammo and powder, there isn't any need for a AI chamber.
I was referring to several articles I read in the gun mags. The articles were written by guys who grew up on .308 and 300 Win Mag and never spent much time with 30/30 and 25/3000 Savage rifles.