Performance-based pay. Vote for too many laws that get overturned, and you are no longer eligible to run for elective office. For judges, get overruled too many times, and you either lose your job or at least are ineligible for pay raises.
I think you're on the right track. You got me thinking. Off the top of my head..
Broaden recovery of legal fees for successful challenges based on civil rights in general. We're still paying for both sides but at least the pain is spread out and will hopefully become more visible. 1%'ers shouldn't be the only ones who can afford to fight for their civil rights. To put a leftist spin on it.
If a law does or doesn't implicate a constitutional right, the legislators voting for it and the Governor should add that claim to the end of a law before they sign it. This would make the legislative intent more clear to everyone and simplify / accelerate judicial review. I'm sure this is clarity they don't want as ambiguity == flexibility. Which legislator would stand up and say "I know so little about the COTUS and the effect/s of this legislation, that being forced to make this statement would hinder my abilities to perform my elected duties."
Require states or municipalities to put a surety bond when passing laws that implicates a civil right. Those funds should be used by individuals or groups wishing to fight them. In the most positive light, this would ultimately produce laws/legislation that value respect for human rights over laziness.